208939
UPSC Notes
1. Decentralized Ledger:
- Definition: Blockchain is a distributed ledger that records transactions across a network of computers.
- Significance: Decentralization ensures transparency and reduces the risk of manipulation.
2. Blocks and Chains:
- Blocks: Information batches containing transaction data.
- Chains: Blocks linked in chronological order.
- Significance: Ensures a secure and unalterable record of transactions.
3. Consensus Mechanism:
- Definition: Agreement among network participants on the validity of transactions.
- Examples: Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS).
- Significance: Maintains the integrity of the blockchain.
4. Smart Contracts:
- Definition: Self-executing contracts with coded terms.
- Applications: Automated and secure execution of predefined actions.
- Significance: Enhances efficiency and reduces the need for intermediaries.
5. Cryptocurrencies:
- Definition: Digital or virtual currencies using blockchain technology.
- Examples: Bitcoin, Ethereum.
- Significance: Facilitates secure and transparent financial transactions.
6. Applications Beyond Cryptocurrencies:
- Supply Chain Management: Enhances traceability and reduces fraud.
- Healthcare: Secures patient data and streamlines records.
- Voting Systems: Ensures secure and transparent elections.
7. Challenges:
- Scalability: Handling a growing number of transactions.
- Interoperability: Ensuring compatibility among different blockchain networks.
8. Future Trends:
- Integration with IoT: Enhances security and data integrity.
- Government Adoption: For secure record-keeping and transparency.
Blockchain technology represents a paradigm shift in secure, transparent, and decentralized digital transactions with applications extending beyond cryptocurrencies.
Question:
Describe the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and its significance in genetic engineering.
A) CRISPR-Cas9 is a cooking technique.👌
B) CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool for precise gene editing, revolutionizing genetic research and potential medical treatments.👍
C) CRISPR-Cas9 is a weather forecasting system.❤️
D) CRISPR-Cas9 has no relevance in the field of genetics.🙏
Mehak Jain AIR17 , 2021
Essay
Dr. Akshita Gupta UPSC AIR - 69, 2020, 2020 Ethics part 2
Topper's Answer Booklet
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1. Definition:
- IoT (Internet of Things): Interconnected network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity to exchange data.
2. Interconnected Devices:
- Sensors: Collect real-time data.
- Connectivity: Devices communicate through the internet.
3. Smart Functionality:
- Enables devices to send and receive data for smart applications.
- Enhances efficiency and automation in various sectors.
4. Applications:
- Home Automation: Smart homes with connected devices (thermostats, lights, security systems).
- Healthcare: Wearable devices, remote patient monitoring.
- Industrial IoT (IIoT): Monitoring and controlling industrial processes.
5. Data Analytics:
- Analyzing large datasets generated by IoT devices for insights.
- Facilitates informed decision-making.
6. Challenges:
- Security Concerns: Protecting data from cyber threats.
- Interoperability: Ensuring compatibility among diverse IoT devices.
7. Future Trends:
- 5G Technology: Accelerates IoT connectivity.
- Edge Computing: Processing data closer to the source for faster responses.
IoT revolutionizes connectivity, transforming the way devices interact and contribute to a more connected and efficient world.
Question:
Explain the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its potential applications in modern technology.
A) IoT connects only computers and smartphones.👌
B) IoT involves the interconnection of everyday devices, enabling them to send and receive data for smart functionalities.👍
C) IoT is limited to the healthcare sector.❤️
D) IoT has no relevance in the field of technology.🙏
Question:
Explain the concept of "supply and demand" in economics and how it influences the pricing of goods and services.
A) Supply and demand determine prices based on consumer preferences.👍
B) Government regulates prices irrespective of supply and demand.👌
C) High demand always leads to lower prices.❤️
D) Supply alone dictates prices in the market.🙏
Divyanshu Nigam -- AIR 44 CSE 2020
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Shivani jerngal AIR 30 CSE 2021
Modern History
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Jayant (AIR-59) CSE 2020
Ethics Notes
AYUSH gupta - AIR 98, CSE 2020
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Question:
Describe the concept of 5G technology and its potential implications on communication and connectivity.
A) 5G is a type of vitamin supplement.👌
B) 5G technology represents the fifth generation of mobile networks, promising faster internet speeds, lower latency, and enhanced connectivity for various devices.👍
C) 5G is a new brand of energy drink.❤️
D) 5G technology is irrelevant in the field of communication.🙏
प्रश्न:
"कुल घरेलू उत्पाद (GDP)" की अवधारणा को समझाएं और इसका महत्व समझाएं जिससे किसी देश की आर्थिक स्वास्थ्य को मापन किया जा सकता है।
A) GDP केवल सरकार के खर्च को मापता है।👌
B) GDP एक देश की सीमाओं के भीतर उत्पन्न होने वाले सभी सामान और सेवाओं की कुल मूल्य है, जिससे कुल आर्थिक स्वास्थ्य का पता चलता है।👍
C) GDP केवल व्यक्तिगत आय स्तरों पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता है।❤️
D) GDP को आर्थिक भलाइ का मूल्यांकन के लिए अमहत्वपूर्ण माना जाता है।🙏
Mehak Jain AIR17 , 2021
Essay
Dr. Akshita Gupta UPSC AIR - 69, 2020. Ethics part 1
Topper's Answer Booklet
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प्रश्न:
"थिंग्स का इंटरनेट" (IoT) की अवधारणा और आधुनिक प्रौद्योगिकी में इसके संभावित अनुप्रयोगों को समझाएं।
A) IoT केवल कंप्यूटर और स्मार्टफोन को जोड़ता है।👌
B) IoT दिनचर्या के यंत्रों को एक-दूसरे से जोड़ने में शामिल है, जिससे उन्हें स्मार्ट कार्यों के लिए डेटा भेजा और प्राप्त करने की क्षमता होती है।👍
C) IoT केवल स्वास्थ्य सेक्टर के लिए सीमित है।❤️
D) IoT प्रौद्योगिकी क्षेत्र में कोई महत्व नहीं रखता है।🙏
1. Definition:
- Sustainable development aims at meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
2. Economic Aspect:
- Balances economic growth with social and environmental considerations.
- Promotes inclusive economic development that benefits all segments of society.
3. Social Dimension:
- Addresses social equity, inclusion, and community well-being.
- Fosters education, healthcare, and social justice for improved quality of life.
4. Environmental Stewardship:
- Ensures responsible use of natural resources.
- Focuses on conservation, biodiversity, and minimizing environmental impact.
5. Long-Term Perspective:
- Emphasizes long-term planning over short-term gains.
- Aims for intergenerational equity, leaving a sustainable legacy for future generations.
6. Global Cooperation:
- Recognizes the interconnectedness of global challenges.
- Calls for international collaboration to address environmental issues.
7. Policy Implementation:
- Requires integrated policies that consider economic, social, and environmental aspects.
- Encourages green technologies and sustainable practices.
Sustainable development seeks a harmonious balance among economic prosperity, social well-being, and environmental conservation for a resilient and equitable future.
Question:
Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?
A) Venus👌
B) Mars👍
C) Jupiter❤️
D) Saturn🙏
Latitudes and Longitutes
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UP replaced Tamilnadu n now becomes 2nd biggest GDP of India
Top 4 states as per GDP share :
1. Maharashtra - 15.7%
2. Uttar Pradesh - 9.2%
3. Tamilnadu - 9.1%
4. Gujarat - 8.2%
When Yogi became CM in 2016, UP was at 14th rank in ease of doing business, now UP is at 2nd rank.
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Utkarsh, AIR 55, 2020
GS4 - Ethics #Topper_Notes
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AYUSH gupta - AIR 98, CSE 2020
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Dr. Shubham Maurya AIR - 241 , CSE 2020
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